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1 operational computer complex
Техника: операционный вычислительный комплексУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > operational computer complex
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2 complex
1) комплекс, комплексное соединение || образовывать комплекс2) комплекс, установка; система3) сложный, совокупный4) комплексный5) развитой; высокоорганизованный•-
amenity complex
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anionic complex
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anode complex
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astronaut-tended space complex
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biotic complex
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bonded complex
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bridged complex
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broadcast television complex
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cationic complex
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crew-rotated space complex
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DA complex
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extraterrestrial complex
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fully operational space complex
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GEO space complex
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high-spin complex
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hormone-receptor complex
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host-guest complex
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inclusion complex
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ion-carrier complex
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ionic complex
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LEO space complex
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low-spin complex
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manned space complex
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membrane-active complex
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multiple computer complex
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multiteam orbiting complex
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natural complex
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nonterrestrial complex
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nuclear complex
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onboard digital computer complex
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one-team orbiting complex
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operational space complex
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orbital complex
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permanently manned space complex
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program-production complex
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sandwich complex
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SOC complex
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space station complex
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spin-free complex
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spin-paired complex
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studio-production complex
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studio complex
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tended space complex
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transport vehicle-docked orbiting complex
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TV production complex
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urea complex
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visited space complex -
3 complex
1. nкомплекс; установка, система2. a•- astronaut-tended space complex - crew-rotated space complex - extraterrestrial complex - fully operational space complex - GEO space complex - LEO space complex - manned space complex - missile complex - multiteam orbiting complex - nonterrestrial complex - onboard digital computer complex - one-team orbiting complex - operational space complex - orbital complex - permanently manned space complex - SOC complex - space station complex - tende'7 space complex - transport vehicle-docked orbiting complex - visited space complex -
4 OCC
1) Компьютерная техника: Object Class Cardinality2) Авиация: центр управления полётами( ЦУП)3) Спорт: One City Challenge4) Военный термин: object class code, occupation, oceanic control center, officer commanding, camp, officer correspondence course, officers' chief cook, operations control center, operations control console5) Техника: Old Corrugated Cardboard, occupied, open-circuit characteristic, operational computer complex, optical-color comparator6) Экономика: ОКК7) Бухгалтерия: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Other Charges And Credits8) Автомобильный термин: output circuit check (Ford)9) Телекоммуникации: Other Common Carriers10) Сокращение: Obus a Charge Creuse (Shaped charge shell (France)), Operational Capabilities Concept (NATO), Operational Control Centre, Operator Control Console, occupy11) Университет: Oakland County College, Ocean County College, Onondaga Community College12) Физиология: Occiput13) Электроника: Oceanic Control Centers14) Вычислительная техника: Other Common Carrier15) Нефть: oil cut cushion16) Банковское дело: Опционная клиринговая корпорация (США; Options Clearing Corporation), Управление контролёра денежного обращения (министерство финансов США; Office of Comptroller of the Currency)17) СМИ: Original Character Creation18) Деловая лексика: Option Clearing Corporation19) Образование: Oakland Community College20) Промышленность: группы качества (Quality Control Circle), кружки качества (Quality Control Circle)21) Инвестиции: Office of Comptroller of the Currency, Options Clearing Corporation22) Полимеры: open circuit characteristic, operational control center23) Программирование: Obscure Canon Character24) Макаров: occulting, operation control center25) Нефть и газ: ГЦУ, Главный центр управления26) Чат: Out Of Character Comment -
5 Occ
1) Компьютерная техника: Object Class Cardinality2) Авиация: центр управления полётами( ЦУП)3) Спорт: One City Challenge4) Военный термин: object class code, occupation, oceanic control center, officer commanding, camp, officer correspondence course, officers' chief cook, operations control center, operations control console5) Техника: Old Corrugated Cardboard, occupied, open-circuit characteristic, operational computer complex, optical-color comparator6) Экономика: ОКК7) Бухгалтерия: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Other Charges And Credits8) Автомобильный термин: output circuit check (Ford)9) Телекоммуникации: Other Common Carriers10) Сокращение: Obus a Charge Creuse (Shaped charge shell (France)), Operational Capabilities Concept (NATO), Operational Control Centre, Operator Control Console, occupy11) Университет: Oakland County College, Ocean County College, Onondaga Community College12) Физиология: Occiput13) Электроника: Oceanic Control Centers14) Вычислительная техника: Other Common Carrier15) Нефть: oil cut cushion16) Банковское дело: Опционная клиринговая корпорация (США; Options Clearing Corporation), Управление контролёра денежного обращения (министерство финансов США; Office of Comptroller of the Currency)17) СМИ: Original Character Creation18) Деловая лексика: Option Clearing Corporation19) Образование: Oakland Community College20) Промышленность: группы качества (Quality Control Circle), кружки качества (Quality Control Circle)21) Инвестиции: Office of Comptroller of the Currency, Options Clearing Corporation22) Полимеры: open circuit characteristic, operational control center23) Программирование: Obscure Canon Character24) Макаров: occulting, operation control center25) Нефть и газ: ГЦУ, Главный центр управления26) Чат: Out Of Character Comment -
6 occ
1) Компьютерная техника: Object Class Cardinality2) Авиация: центр управления полётами( ЦУП)3) Спорт: One City Challenge4) Военный термин: object class code, occupation, oceanic control center, officer commanding, camp, officer correspondence course, officers' chief cook, operations control center, operations control console5) Техника: Old Corrugated Cardboard, occupied, open-circuit characteristic, operational computer complex, optical-color comparator6) Экономика: ОКК7) Бухгалтерия: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Other Charges And Credits8) Автомобильный термин: output circuit check (Ford)9) Телекоммуникации: Other Common Carriers10) Сокращение: Obus a Charge Creuse (Shaped charge shell (France)), Operational Capabilities Concept (NATO), Operational Control Centre, Operator Control Console, occupy11) Университет: Oakland County College, Ocean County College, Onondaga Community College12) Физиология: Occiput13) Электроника: Oceanic Control Centers14) Вычислительная техника: Other Common Carrier15) Нефть: oil cut cushion16) Банковское дело: Опционная клиринговая корпорация (США; Options Clearing Corporation), Управление контролёра денежного обращения (министерство финансов США; Office of Comptroller of the Currency)17) СМИ: Original Character Creation18) Деловая лексика: Option Clearing Corporation19) Образование: Oakland Community College20) Промышленность: группы качества (Quality Control Circle), кружки качества (Quality Control Circle)21) Инвестиции: Office of Comptroller of the Currency, Options Clearing Corporation22) Полимеры: open circuit characteristic, operational control center23) Программирование: Obscure Canon Character24) Макаров: occulting, operation control center25) Нефть и газ: ГЦУ, Главный центр управления26) Чат: Out Of Character Comment -
7 OCC
1. object class code - код классификации объекта;2. occulting - затмевающийся;3. occupied - линия занята;4. open-circuit characteristic - характеристика холостого хода;5. operation control center - центр управления полётом; ЦУП;6. operational computer complex - операционный вычислительный комплекс;7. operational control center - центр оперативного управления;8. optical-color comparator - оптический цветокомпаратор -
8 system
система; комплекс; средство; способ; метод; сеть (напр. дорог) ;aiming-navigation system (analog, digital) — прицельно-навигационная система (аналоговая, цифровая)
air observation, acquisition and fire control system — (бортовая) система воздушной разведки, засечки целей и управления огнем
air support aircraft ECM (equipment) system — (бортовая) система РЭП для самолетов авиационной поддержки
airborne (ground) target acquisition and illumination laser system — ав. бортовая лазерная система обнаружения и подсветки (наземных) целей
airborne (ground) targeting and laser designator system — ав. бортовая лазерная система обнаружения и целеуказания (наземных целей)
airborne laser illumination, ranging and tracking system — ав. бортовая система лазерной подсветки, определения дальности и сопровождения цели
artillery (nuclear) delivery system — артиллерийская система доставки (ядерного) боеприпаса (к цели)
C2 system — система оперативного управления; система руководства и управления
C3 system — система руководства, управления и связи; система оперативного управления и связи
channel and message switching (automatic) communications system — АСС с коммутацией каналов и сообщений
country-fair type rotation system (of instruction) — метод одновременного обучения [опроса] нескольких учебных групп (переходящих от одного объекта изучения к другому)
dual-capable (conventional/nuclear) weapon delivery system — система доставки (обычного или ядерного) боеприпаса к цели
electromagnetic emitters identification, location and suppression system — система обнаружения, опознавания и подавления источников электромагнитных излучений [излучающих РЭС]
field antimissile (missile) system — полевой [войсковой] ПРК
fire-on-the-move (air defense) gun system — подвижный зенитный артиллерийский комплекс для стрельбы в движении [на ходу]
fluidic (missile) control system — ркт. гидравлическая [струйная] система управления полетом
forward (area) air defense system — система ПВО передового района; ЗРК для войсковой ПВО передового района
graduated (availability) operational readiness system — Бр. система поэтапной боевой готовности (частей и соединений)
high-resolution satellite IR detection, tracking and targeting system — спутниковая система с ИК аппаратурой высокой разрешающей способности для обнаружения, сопровождения целей и наведения средств поражения
ICBM (alarm and) early warning satellite system — спутниковая система обнаружения пусков МБР и раннего предупреждения (средств ПРО)
information storage, tracking and retrieval system — система накопления, хранения и поиска информации
instantaneous grenade launcher (armored vehicle) smoke system — гранатомет (БМ) для быстрой постановки дымовой завесы
Precision Location [Locator] (and) Strike system — высокоточная система обеспечения обнаружения и поражения целей; высокоточный разведывательно-ударный комплекс
rapid deceleration (parachute) delivery system — парашютная система выброски грузов с быстрым торможением
real time, high-resolution reconnaissance satellite system — спутниковая разведывательная система с высокой разрешающей способностью аппаратуры и передачей информации в реальном масштабе времени
received signal-oriented (output) jamming signal power-adjusting ECM system — система РЭП с автоматическим регулированием уровня помех в зависимости от мощности принимаемого сигнала
sea-based nuclear (weapon) delivery system — система морского базирования доставки ядерного боеприпаса к цели
small surface-to-air ship self-defense (missile) system — ЗРК ближнего действия для самообороны корабля
Status Control, Alerting and Reporting system — система оповещения, контроля и уточнения состояния [боевой готовности] сил и средств
surface missile (weapon) system — наземный [корабельный] РК
target acquisition, rapid designation and precise aiming system — комплекс аппаратуры обнаружения цели, быстрого целеуказания и точного прицеливания
— ABM defense system— antimissile missile system— central weapon system— countersurprise military system— laser surveying system— tank weapon system— vertical launching system— weapons system -
9 Stibitz, George R.
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 20 April 1904 York, Pennsylvania, USA[br]American mathematician responsible for the conception of the Bell Laboratories "Complex " computer.[br]Stibitz spent his early years in Dayton, Ohio, and obtained his first degree at Denison University, Granville, Ohio, his MS from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1927 and his PhD in mathematical physics from Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, in 1930. After working for a time for General Electric, he joined Bell Laboratories to work on various communications problems. In 1937 he started to experiment at home with telephone relays as the basis of a calculator for addition, multiplication and division. Initially this was based on binary arithmetic, but later he used binary-coded decimal (BCD) and was able to cope with complex numbers. In November 1938 the ideas were officially taken up by Bell Laboratories and, with S.B.Williams as Project Manager, Stibitz built a complex-number computer known as "Complex", or Relay I, which became operational on 8 January 1940.With the outbreak of the Second World War, he was co-opted to the National Defence Research Council to work on anti-aircraft (AA) gun control, and this led to Bell Laboratories Relay II computer, which was completed in 1943 and which had 500 relays, bi-quinary code and selfchecking of errors. A further computer, Relay III, was used for ballistic simulation of actual AA shell explosions and was followed by more machines before and after Stibitz left Bell after the end of the war. Stibitz then became a computer consultant, involved in particular with the development of the UNIVAC computer by John Mauchly and J.Presper Eckert.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Emanuel R.Priore Award 1977.Bibliography1957, with J.A.Larrivee, Mathematics and Computers, New York: McGraw-Hill. 1967, "The Relay computer at the Bell Laboratories", Datamation 35.Further ReadingE.Loveday, 1977, "George Stibitz and the Bell Labs Relay computer", Datamation 80. M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.KF -
10 system
1) система || системный3) вчт операционная система; программа-супервизор5) вчт большая программа6) метод; способ; алгоритм•system halted — "система остановлена" ( экранное сообщение об остановке компьютера при наличии серьёзной ошибки)
- CPsystem- H-system- h-system- hydrogen-air/lead battery hybrid system- Ksystem- Lsystem- L*a*b* system- master/slave computer system- p-system- y-system- Δ-system -
11 control
1) управление; регулирование; регулировка || управлять; регулировать; задавать2) контроль; проверка || контролировать; проверять3) орган управления; орган регулировки, регулятор; орган настройки4) устройство управления; блок управления6) рукоятка или рычаг управления7) профилактические мероприятия, надзор•"operation is under control" — всё предусмотрено для нормальной работы;to gain control — вчт. получать управление:to go out of control — становиться неуправляемым;to operate ( to handle) the flight controls — оперировать органами управления полётом;to pass control — вчт. передавать управление;to return control — вчт. возвращать управление;to take over control — брать управление на себя;to transfer control — вчт. передавать управление-
cascaded control-
cathode control-
CO/O2 combustion control-
communications control-
computer control-
contactor-type control-
continuous-path control-
course gage control-
current-mode control-
dispatcher control-
focusing control-
holding control-
horizontal-frequency control-
hue range control-
long-distance control-
managerial control-
microprogramming control-
numerical program control-
on-off action control-
position-based control-
slide control-
step-by-step control-
time-pattern control -
12 key
1) (криптографический) ключ2) ключ к замку или запирающему устройству, механический ключ- base key- candidate key- card key- code key- data key- DES key- fake key- file key- good key- hex key- host key- link key- lost key- node key- numeric key- numerical key- pass key- PRN key- safe key- seed key- test key- true key- used key- user key- weak key- work key- zone key -
13 Memory
To what extent can we lump together what goes on when you try to recall: (1) your name; (2) how you kick a football; and (3) the present location of your car keys? If we use introspective evidence as a guide, the first seems an immediate automatic response. The second may require constructive internal replay prior to our being able to produce a verbal description. The third... quite likely involves complex operational responses under the control of some general strategy system. Is any unitary search process, with a single set of characteristics and inputoutput relations, likely to cover all these cases? (Reitman, 1970, p. 485)[Semantic memory] Is a mental thesaurus, organized knowledge a person possesses about words and other verbal symbols, their meanings and referents, about relations among them, and about rules, formulas, and algorithms for the manipulation of these symbols, concepts, and relations. Semantic memory does not register perceptible properties of inputs, but rather cognitive referents of input signals. (Tulving, 1972, p. 386)The mnemonic code, far from being fixed and unchangeable, is structured and restructured along with general development. Such a restructuring of the code takes place in close dependence on the schemes of intelligence. The clearest indication of this is the observation of different types of memory organisation in accordance with the age level of a child so that a longer interval of retention without any new presentation, far from causing a deterioration of memory, may actually improve it. (Piaget & Inhelder, 1973, p. 36)4) The Logic of Some Memory Theorization Is of Dubious Worth in the History of PsychologyIf a cue was effective in memory retrieval, then one could infer it was encoded; if a cue was not effective, then it was not encoded. The logic of this theorization is "heads I win, tails you lose" and is of dubious worth in the history of psychology. We might ask how long scientists will puzzle over questions with no answers. (Solso, 1974, p. 28)We have iconic, echoic, active, working, acoustic, articulatory, primary, secondary, episodic, semantic, short-term, intermediate-term, and longterm memories, and these memories contain tags, traces, images, attributes, markers, concepts, cognitive maps, natural-language mediators, kernel sentences, relational rules, nodes, associations, propositions, higher-order memory units, and features. (Eysenck, 1977, p. 4)The problem with the memory metaphor is that storage and retrieval of traces only deals [ sic] with old, previously articulated information. Memory traces can perhaps provide a basis for dealing with the "sameness" of the present experience with previous experiences, but the memory metaphor has no mechanisms for dealing with novel information. (Bransford, McCarrell, Franks & Nitsch, 1977, p. 434)7) The Results of a Hundred Years of the Psychological Study of Memory Are Somewhat DiscouragingThe results of a hundred years of the psychological study of memory are somewhat discouraging. We have established firm empirical generalisations, but most of them are so obvious that every ten-year-old knows them anyway. We have made discoveries, but they are only marginally about memory; in many cases we don't know what to do with them, and wear them out with endless experimental variations. We have an intellectually impressive group of theories, but history offers little confidence that they will provide any meaningful insight into natural behavior. (Neisser, 1978, pp. 12-13)A schema, then is a data structure for representing the generic concepts stored in memory. There are schemata representing our knowledge about all concepts; those underlying objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions and sequences of actions. A schema contains, as part of its specification, the network of interrelations that is believed to normally hold among the constituents of the concept in question. A schema theory embodies a prototype theory of meaning. That is, inasmuch as a schema underlying a concept stored in memory corresponds to the mean ing of that concept, meanings are encoded in terms of the typical or normal situations or events that instantiate that concept. (Rumelhart, 1980, p. 34)Memory appears to be constrained by a structure, a "syntax," perhaps at quite a low level, but it is free to be variable, deviant, even erratic at a higher level....Like the information system of language, memory can be explained in part by the abstract rules which underlie it, but only in part. The rules provide a basic competence, but they do not fully determine performance. (Campbell, 1982, pp. 228, 229)When people think about the mind, they often liken it to a physical space, with memories and ideas as objects contained within that space. Thus, we speak of ideas being in the dark corners or dim recesses of our minds, and of holding ideas in mind. Ideas may be in the front or back of our minds, or they may be difficult to grasp. With respect to the processes involved in memory, we talk about storing memories, of searching or looking for lost memories, and sometimes of finding them. An examination of common parlance, therefore, suggests that there is general adherence to what might be called the spatial metaphor. The basic assumptions of this metaphor are that memories are treated as objects stored in specific locations within the mind, and the retrieval process involves a search through the mind in order to find specific memories....However, while the spatial metaphor has shown extraordinary longevity, there have been some interesting changes over time in the precise form of analogy used. In particular, technological advances have influenced theoretical conceptualisations.... The original Greek analogies were based on wax tablets and aviaries; these were superseded by analogies involving switchboards, gramophones, tape recorders, libraries, conveyor belts, and underground maps. Most recently, the workings of human memory have been compared to computer functioning... and it has been suggested that the various memory stores found in computers have their counterparts in the human memory system. (Eysenck, 1984, pp. 79-80)Primary memory [as proposed by William James] relates to information that remains in consciousness after it has been perceived, and thus forms part of the psychological present, whereas secondary memory contains information about events that have left consciousness, and are therefore part of the psychological past. (Eysenck, 1984, p. 86)Once psychologists began to study long-term memory per se, they realized it may be divided into two main categories.... Semantic memories have to do with our general knowledge about the working of the world. We know what cars do, what stoves do, what the laws of gravity are, and so on. Episodic memories are largely events that took place at a time and place in our personal history. Remembering specific events about our own actions, about our family, and about our individual past falls into this category. With amnesia or in aging, what dims... is our personal episodic memories, save for those that are especially dear or painful to us. Our knowledge of how the world works remains pretty much intact. (Gazzaniga, 1988, p. 42)The nature of memory... provides a natural starting point for an analysis of thinking. Memory is the repository of many of the beliefs and representations that enter into thinking, and the retrievability of these representations can limit the quality of our thought. (Smith, 1990, p. 1)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Memory
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